Although oil palm plantations are not the primary driver of deforestation, they are the last and most profitable phase of a land governance system that incentivizes the degradation and eventual conversion of natural forests, beginning with forestry concessions. Especially in Southeast Asia, oil palm cultivation has become synonymous with tropical deforestation and subject to numerous environmental campaigns, including calls for boycotts and other measures to discourage its use. This report evaluates six different approaches that have been implemented to transform the production of palm oil. It examines how well these approaches addressed the causes of deforestation and environmental degradation and their acceptability among different stakeholders.